Overview
本文主要参考了javamail发送邮件的简单实例这篇文章。
最近和Chris在做secretepdb这个项目时，用到了发送邮件这一功能(需要用到mail.jar这个包)。经过Chris指点和自己查阅资料，还是比较顺利地完成了这一模块，特此记录一下。
该模块包含3部分：发送器(SimpleMailSender)，验证器(MyAuthenticator)和action。其中发送器部分将model单独分离出来为MailSenderInfo.java。
1.发送器(SimpleMailSender)
原程序中实现了两种邮件格式的发送，本项目仅取文本格式。
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Properties;
import javax.mail.Address;
import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Transport;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
public class SimpleMailSender {
public boolean sendTextMail(MailSenderInfo mailInfo) {
Properties pro = mailInfo.getProperties();
MyAuthenticator authenticator = new MyAuthenticator(mailInfo.getUserName(), mailInfo.getPassword());
// 根据邮件会话属性和验证器构造一个发送邮件的session
Session sendMailSession = Session.getDefaultInstance(pro,authenticator);
try {
// 根据session创建一个邮件消息
Message mailMessage = new MimeMessage(sendMailSession);
// 创建邮件发送者地址
Address from = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getFromAddress());
// 设置邮件消息的发送者
mailMessage.setFrom(from);
// 创建邮件的接收者地址，并设置到邮件消息中
Address to = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getToAddress());
mailMessage.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO,to);
// 设置邮件消息发送的时间
mailMessage.setSentDate(new Date());
// 设置邮件消息的主要内容
String mailContent = mailInfo.getContent();
mailMessage.setText(mailContent);
// 发送邮件
Transport.send(mailMessage);
return true;
} catch (MessagingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return false;
}
}
2.发送器(SimpleMailSender)的model
import java.util.Properties;
public class MailSenderInfo {
// 发送邮件的服务器的IP和端口
private String mailServerHost;
private String mailServerPort;
// 邮件发送者的地址
private String fromAddress;
// 邮件接收者的地址
private String toAddress;
// 登陆邮件发送服务器的用户名和密码
private String userName;
private String password;
// 邮件的文本内容
private String content;
public Properties getProperties(){
Properties p = new Properties();
//这里我们选用的是SMTP服务器，也可以选择POP3等服务器，但是要注意配置文件要对应。
p.put("mail.smtp.host", mailServerHost);
p.put("mail.smtp.port", mailServerPort);
//验证类型为ture，否则会出现javax.mail.AuthenticationFailedException异常。
p.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");
return p;
}
/*
这里是mailServerHost等7个model的getters和setters。
*/
}
3.验证器(MyAuthenticator)
这个密码验证器必须要有否则会出现javax.mail.AuthenticationFailedException异常。
import javax.mail.Authenticator;
import javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication;
public class MyAuthenticator extends Authenticator{
String userName=null;
String password=null;
public MyAuthenticator(){
}
public MyAuthenticator(String username, String password) {
this.userName = username;
this.password = password;
}
protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication(){
return new PasswordAuthentication(userName, password);
}
}
4.Action
这里主要负责读取配置文件(serverInfo.properties)、前后台交互和执行发送。
4.1 提交(SubmissionAction)
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Properties;
import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
import service.MailSenderInfo;
import service.SimpleMailSender;
public class SubmissionAction extends ActionSupport {
//Used to store the results from DB and be fetched by JSP.
private String surname;
private String givenName;
private String organization;
private String email;
private String proteinName;
private String species;
private String geneName;
private String uniprotID;
private String molecularWeight;
private String evidence;
private String proteinSequence;
private String proteinFunction;
private String structure;
private String interaction;
private String proteinMutation;
private String ptSites;
private String functionDomain;
private String pathway;
//Begin Search Action Method
public String execute() {
MailSenderInfo mailInfo = new MailSenderInfo();
Properties pps = new Properties();
//get the path of the properties file
String path = ServletActionContext.getServletContext().getRealPath("/")+"WEB-INF/serverInfo.properties";
try {
pps.load(new FileInputStream(path));
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
//根据key读取配置文件
String host=pps.getProperty("MAILSERVERHOST");
String port=pps.getProperty("MAILSERVERPORT");
String userName=pps.getProperty("USERNAME");
String password = pps.getProperty("PASSWORD");
String fAddress = pps.getProperty("FROMADDRESS");
String tAddress=pps.getProperty("TOADDRESS");
mailInfo.setMailServerHost(host);//邮箱服务器
mailInfo.setMailServerPort(port);//邮箱端口
mailInfo.setUserName(userName);//发件人邮箱
mailInfo.setPassword(password);//您的邮箱密码
mailInfo.setFromAddress(fAddress);//发件人邮箱
mailInfo.setToAddress(tAddress);//收件人邮箱
String content = "Surname: " + this.surname+"\n"
+"Given Name: "+this.givenName+"\n"
+"Organization: "+this.organization+"\n"
+"Email: "+this.email+"\n"
+"Protein Name: "+this.proteinName+"\n"
+"Species: "+this.species+"\n"
+"Gene Name: "+this.geneName+"\n"
+"Uniprot ID: "+this.uniprotID+"\n"
+"Molecular Weight: "+this.molecularWeight+"\n"
+"Evidence: "+this.evidence+"\n"
+"Protein Sequence: "+this.proteinSequence+"\n"
+"Protein Function: "+this.proteinFunction+"\n"
+"Structure: "+this.structure+"\n"
+"Protein-Protein Interaction: "+this.interaction+"\n"
+"Protein Mutation: "+this.proteinMutation+"\n"
+"Post-translational sites: "+this.ptSites+"\n"
+"Function Domain: "+this.functionDomain+"\n"
+"Metabolic/signaling Pathway: "+this.pathway+"\n";
mailInfo.setContent(content);
//发送邮件
SimpleMailSender sms = new SimpleMailSender();
sms.sendTextMail(mailInfo);//发送文体格式
return SUCCESS;
}
/*这里写上各个model的getters和setters*/
}
4.2 配置文件(serverInfo.properties)
配置文件编写很简单，就是等号(=)两边一一映射，而且不加引号(""),读取出来都是String类型。
MAILSERVERHOST=smtp.mxhichina.com//这里用的阿里云企业邮箱smtp服务器
MAILSERVERPORT=25
USERNAME=系统发件箱地址
PASSWORD=系统发件箱密码
FROMADDRESS=发件箱地址//最好和系统发件箱地址一致
TOADDRESS=收件人邮箱
读取配置文件有多种方法，可以参考java读取properties文件方法和对比这篇文章。